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October 3, 2025Open Access

Collaboration and Conflict between Humans and Language Models through the Lens of Game Theory

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Authors

MSMukul SinghARArjun RadhakrishnaSGSumit Gulwani

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Overview

Analysis shows language models exhibit cooperation and adaptability in competitive environments, highlighting their potential role in human-AI interactions.

Key Points

  • Language models demonstrate strong cooperative behaviors, such as niceness and adaptability, while engaging in strategic interactions.
  • In an iterated prisoner's dilemma, language models' performance rivals that of classical strategies, showcasing advanced decision-making capabilities.
  • Behavioral analysis reveals language models can swiftly adapt to changes in opponent strategy, outperforming human counterparts in some scenarios.
  • The study provides a systematic characterization of language models' long-term cooperative behavior, essential for understanding human-AI collaboration.

Cite This Study

Singh et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/68e02f46f0e39f13e7fa2d4bhttps://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2509.04847
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