Antiproliferative and cytotoxic activity of Papaver somniferum seed oil on human breast cancer cell lines

Background: This study aimed to determine the antiproliferative and cytotoxic activities of Papaver somniferum seed oil on human breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) cell lines under in vitro conditions. Methods: Poppy seed oil extracted by cold press method were subjected to compositional analysis using GC-MS. In the study, control group, DMSO (0.1%) applied group and 5 different concentrations of Poppy seed oil applied group three main treatment groups were created. Cell viability was investigated by the trypan blue method. Some pharmacokinetic properties and toxicity profiles of the identified molecules were predicted using a Swiss ADME online server and ProTox-II webserver. Results: The effect of Poppy seed oil on breast cancer cells increased relatively starting from the lowest concentration (87 µg/ml), and it was determined that the effect became more pronounced after a concentration of 350 µg/ml. Except Hexadecanoic acid and (E)-9- Octadecanoic acid, all other compounds were predicted to be non-hepatotoxic, non-carcinogenic, non-cytotoxic, non-immunotoxic and non-mutagenic. All compounds investigated are orally absorbable, suitable for dermal trans-distribution, have high gastrointestinal absorption, however, Hexadecanoic acid is permeable to the blood-brain barrier (BBB), while the other 4 compounds are not. The bioavailability values of all compounds investigated can be considered to be very well absorbed by the body. Conclusion: In this study, it was determined that P. somniferum seed oil has antiproliferative and cytotoxic activity on breast cancer cells in vitro. P. somniforum seed oil may be a natural anticancer agent to treat breast cancer, but more studies are needed on this subject.