The History of Sociology: Marxism and Populism

The article examines the main provisions of Marxism and populism, their impact on the development of Russian public thought and practice, and also provides a critical analysis of their applicability in modern society. The analysis of these two approaches makes it possible to better understand the different ways of understanding social changes and their impact on the formation of political and economic models. The article shows that the historical perspective of the study of Marxism and populism makes it possible to understand the basic principles and ideas underlying each of these areas of public thought in Russia in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and analyze their impact on society. The historical context in which these ideologies arose is also investigated, and their development in subsequent years is considered.