Abstract WHO Global Malaria Programme recommends the development of an appropriate and comprehensive response to insecticide resistance based on the use of multiple insecticides with different modes of action in rotations and mixtures. It is, therefore, judicious to prevent the rapid spread of insecticide resistance by developing and evaluating new formulations containing insecticides with different modes of action and a long residual effect. A new IRS formulation VECTRON™ T500 has been developed Mitsui Chemicals Crop & Life Solutions, Inc. VECTRON™ T500 based broflanilide insecticide (applied at a rate of 100 mg AI/m²), was tested alongside the IRS product Actellic® 300CS based pirimiphos-methyl (applied at the recommend label rate of 1000 mg AI/m²), in a community (Phase III) trial. WHO wall cone bioassays were conducted monthly with laboratory susceptible Anopheles gambiae s.s Kisumu strain, laboratory resistant An. coluzzi VKPer and wild An. gambiae s.l. Vallée du Kou mosquitoes sampled from the study site. Vector surveillance was carried out and compared between sites sprayed with VECTRON™ T500 and Actellic® 300CS and the control site. In addition, any perceived adverse events were recorded to determine the acceptability of VECTRON™ T500 by the community. The VECTRON™ T500 treatment induced 100% mortality of both the susceptible and resistant strains on the three types of walls over a period of 12 months. Actellic® 300CS induced less than 80% mortality in both strains regardless of wall substrate. The delayed mean mortality of An. gambiae s.l. mosquitoes collected from the sites sprayed with Actellic® 300 CS (VK1) and VECTRON™ T500 (VK3) showed a statistically significant difference after a 72-holding period compared to the control site (RR = 0.51, CI95%= [0.31–0.6], P = 0.0026). No adverse events were recorded in the sprayed houses with VECTRON™ T500. The long-lasting residual efficacy of VECTRON™ T500 over 12 months post-spraying extended beyond the malaria transmission period and induced high mortality in pyrethroid resistant malaria vectors. VECTRON™ T500 was non-inferior in performance compared to Actellic® 300CS, the reference product. VECTRON™ T500 could form part of a rotational strategy with IRS products containing insecticides with different modes of action as part of an insecticide resistance management strategy.
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