Systematic review of inquiry-based learning: assessing impact and best practices in education

Background Inquiry-based learning (IBL) is a student-centred pedagogical approach that promotes critical thinking, creativity, and active engagement. IBL encourages students to explore, question, and construct their own understanding, making it an effective method for enhancing educational experiences. This systematic review aims to assess the impact of IBL on educational outcomes and identify best practices for its implementation across different disciplines and educational levels. Methods The review involved a comprehensive analysis of peer-reviewed articles focusing on IBL across various educational settings. The selected studies encompassed a wide range of disciplines, educational levels, and geographic contexts. Criteria for inclusion involved examining the impact of IBL on students’ critical thinking, motivation, academic achievement, and overall learning experiences. Results Findings indicate that IBL positively impacts students’ critical thinking skills, motivation, and academic performance. Effective integration of IBL into curricula requires several key strategies: comprehensive teacher training, the creation of supportive learning environments, and the use of technology to facilitate inquiry-based activities. However, challenges were noted, such as the need for substantial instructional support and varying levels of student readiness for self-directed learning. Conclusions This systematic review confirms the benefits of IBL in enhancing educational outcomes and provides a synthesized overview of effective practices for its implementation. While IBL fosters critical thinking, creativity, and academic achievement, its success relies on adequate teacher training, supportive environments, and technological integration. Addressing the challenges related to instructional support and student readiness is crucial for optimizing IBL. The findings offer valuable insights for educators, researchers, and policymakers to enhance educational practices and outcomes through inquiry-based approaches.