Assessment of Soil Quality of Rice Fields Under Irrigation with Different Water Sources

Irrigation water quality is crucial in maintaining soil health and productivity, particularly in semi-arid regions where agriculture heavily relies on irrigation. This study aimed to assess the impact of different irrigation water sources (groundwater, canal water, and treated and disinfected sewage water) on soil quality in rice fields in Kurukshetra, Haryana, India. Water and soil samples were collected from rice fields irrigated with each water source and analyzed for various physicochemical parameters. The results revealed significant differences in irrigation water quality, with STP exhibiting higher salinity levels, as indicated by elevated electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), sodium, chloride, and sulphate concentrations. Soil quality parameters also varied significantly among rice fields irrigated with different water sources. Rice fields irrigated with STP had higher soil EC and higher concentration cations and anions along with organic carbon content potentially due to the contribution of organic load and nutrients from sewage treatment plants. It was inferred from the study that disinfected sewage effluent has the potential to be used in irrigation, provided that regular monitoring is done. The findings highlight the importance of considering irrigation water quality in agricultural practices and the need for appropriate water management strategies to maintain soil quality and ensure sustainable rice production in the region.