The relation between narrow upper jaw and nasorespiratory function in children: a review.

Changes in the area of the airways and dentition can be defined as one of the key problems of modern practical and theoretical dentistry. An important point for the proper development of the maxillofacial region is nasal breathing. During the growth of the child, the respiratory tract and the facial skull develop in close relationship. The main stage in the development of the dentoalveolar system falls on the age of children corresponding to preschool and primary school. Currently, in this age period, nasal breathing disorder syndrome is widespread. Often the first specialist who can diagnose this is the dentist. Further, he can inform the parents of children about the possible causes and consequences of habitual oral breathing, explain the need for treatment and further prevention of this pathology, refer the child to an otolaryngologist. This article discusses the relationship of the narrowing of the upper jaw in children with changes in their respiratory function. The literature sources reflecting the studies of domestic and foreign authors who analyzed the dependence of the anomaly of the maxillary system with the type of respiration were analyzed, revealing the features of the functional and structural nature of the dentition with functional respiratory parameters. The article shows various opinions of the authors, where a number of them find a correlation in the parameters under consideration, while others deny the highlighted connection of the narrowing of the upper jaw with oral respiration. Aspects of respiratory changes after rapid palatal dilation are also considered, showing the importance of orthodontic treatment in the factors of restoration of respiratory function.