Aim This retrospective, single-institutional study aimed to comprehensively investigate the demographic features, clinical presentations, and outcomes of emergency procedures in individuals with colorectal cancers presenting as acute emergencies at GEH over the last three years. Methods In this study at GEH, we analysed colorectal cancer cases presenting as emergencies from January 2019 to January 2022 were examined. Out of 310 total colorectal malignancy surgeries during this period ,57 cases (18.38%) were identified as acute emergencies. Demographic details, clinical history, outcomes of emergency procedures, adjuvant therapies, and prognostic variables were retrieved from hospital records and electronic medical records. Cases operated on elective basis & cases without confirmed colorectal cancers were excluded. Results The study revealed demographic insights, with an average age of 72 years and a balanced gender distribution. The majority presented with obstructive symptoms (87.7%), emphasizing the acute nature of cases. Emergency procedures exhibited diversity, with right hemicolectomy and Hartman's procedure being predominant. Gender-specific patterns in emergency procedures, along with details on tumor location, morphology, and complications, were analysed. Right-sided tumours, particularly caecal tumours, were prevalent. Adenocarcinoma was the predominant tumor morphology. Treatment approaches included curative intent in 56.14% and palliative intent in 35.09%. Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered in 50.88%, and adjuvant radiotherapy in 7.02%. Recurrence was noted in 12.28%, while mortality rates varied among different emergency procedures. Conclusion This study provides a comprehensive understanding of colorectal cancers presenting as emergencies, offering valuable insights into demographic characteristics, emergency procedures, tumor characteristics, treatment approaches, and outcomes. Prospective studies are recommended to further validate and extend these findings, contributing to a nuanced comprehension of emergency colorectal cancer scenarios.
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Haji et al. (2024) studied this question.