In order to understand the 'presence' of Christian(pastoral) counselors, this study examined presence from an integrated perspective of theology and counseling and analyzed the cases of Christian counselors. The results showed that, first, the body of the Christian counselor was perceived as a body of safe connection and a body of shared suffering. Second, the presence of the Christian counselor was experienced as the resonance of God in the I-Thou relationship. Third, the presence of the Holy Spirit was analysed as the presence of the Holy Spirit as a unity with me in my body, working with the client's childhood trauma situation, and finally, hope as a new orientation. Presence in Christian(pastoral) counseling was experienced as the simultaneous presence of three entities: the counselor, the client, and the Holy Spirit(God).
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A 2024 study studied this question.
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