Spatio-temporal Evolution and Driving Factors of Ecosystem Services in the Luo River Basin

To assess the ecosystem service levels in the Luo River Basin and promote sustainable environmental development in the region, this study utilized land use and meteorological data from 2000 to 2020. The InVEST and optimal parameter Geodetector models were employed to analyze the spatiotemporal evolution and driving mechanisms of water yield, soil conservation, carbon storage, and habitat quality in the Luo River Basin. Spatially, water yield generally decreases from south to north, while soil conservation shows a more dispersed distribution of high values. Carbon storage and habitat quality exhibit a west-high and east-low distribution. Temporally, water yield, soil conservation, and carbon storage initially decreased before increasing, whereas habitat quality declined year by year. Annual precipitation and slope are the key factors influencing water yield and soil conservation, respectively, while land use types are the primary factors affecting carbon storage and habitat quality. The research findings provide valuable reference data for making ecological and environmental protection decisions in the Luo River Basin.