The Impact of Urinary Incontinence on the Quality of Life during Pregnancy among Saudi Women: A Cross-Sectional Study

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and impact of urinary incontinence (UI) on the quality of life (QOL) of pregnant women in Saudi Arabia. Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 1,286 pregnant women across Saudi Arabia (January-March 2023). Sociodemographic and obstetric data were collected. Validated instruments assessed UI severity (ICIQ-UI SF) and QOL related to lower urinary tract symptoms (ICIQ-LUTSQoL). Multivariable linear regression analyzed associations between UI and QOL. Results: UI prevalence was 31.3%. Overweight status (35.6%), multiple prior pregnancies (70.6%), vaginal delivery (63.1%), and third-trimester pregnancy (72.9%) were significantly associated with UI. Notably, 67.8% of women did not seek medical attention. Regression analysis revealed all UI types (moderate, frequent, constant) independently predicted worse QOL (p<0.001 for all). Conclusions: This study demonstrates a high prevalence of UI among pregnant women in Saudi Arabia, with a significant negative impact on QOL. Increased awareness of UI risk factors, the importance of seeking help, and treatment options are crucial. Educational interventions could be implemented in antenatal care settings and public health campaigns.