Surgical Methods for Implanting Intrathecal Medication Delivery Devices

Patients with chronic pain that is not responding to treatment may benefit from intrathecal drug delivery systems (IDDDS). Current developments in technology, novel therapeutic uses, documented side effects, and the expenses and upkeep associated with this treatment need staying current with new guidelines that could enhance results. When used by qualified practitioners and with medications that have a documented safety record, intrathecal drug delivery devices may be beneficial for patients with a narrow therapeutic safety margin. We go over the most widely used medications (both opioids and non-opiods), their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, and their recommended uses. Morphine, hydromorphone, methadone, fentanyl, bupivacaine, clonidine, and ketamine are the most commonly utilized medications. This chapter examines all technological concerns related to the implantation of IDDS devices, along with follow-up and pharmaceutical recommendations released in recent years that offer an evidence-based approach to decision-making for the treatment of patients' chronic pain and spasticity.