Profiling Cell-Free DNA from Malignant Pleural Effusion for Oncogenic Driver Mutations in Patients with Treatment-Naive Stage IV Adenocarcinoma: A Multicenter Prospective Study

Comprehensive next-generation sequencing (NGS) of non-small-cell lung cancer specimens can identify oncogenic driver mutations and their corresponding targeted therapies. Plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) genotyping is easy to perform; however, false negatives cannot be overlooked. We explored malignant pleural effusion (MPE), a rich source of cfDNA, as a non-inferior alternative to tumor tissues for genotyping.