Free-running radial phase-contrast balanced steady-state free precession (PC-bSSFP) imaging including slice-select gradient inversion and respiratory and cardiac self-gating enables robust through-plane flow quantification in the aorta with excellent image signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast on a low-cost low-field 0.55T scanner. Relative to phase-contrast spoiled gradient echo (PC-GRE), PC-bSSFP offers SNR improvements by a factor of about two.
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McGrath et al. (2024) studied this question.
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