Two different algorithms for free-water elimination (FWE) were applied to single-shell and multi-shell diffusion MRI data. Positive correlations were found between age and fractional anisotropy (FA) estimated with the FWE algorithm for single-shell, but this was not replicated with multi-shell diffusion data. Because only the multi-shell FWE algorithm is well-posed, we postulated that the positive correlations between age and FA must be a false positive finding, resulting from inappropriate fitting using single-shell data. FWE estimates from single-shell modelling have been shown to be biologically plausible, but this does not imply specificity, and more work is required to validate these approaches.
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Correia et al. (2024) studied this question.
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