Abstract Objective Pro-inflammatory cytokines in the saliva were detected in periodontitis and dental caries. This study aims to compare the concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) in the saliva of dental caries patients and survey growth indices from childhood to the present, in children with dental caries. Methods In this case-control study, two groups of 30 cases (children with tooth decay) and control (without tooth decay), aged 5–6 years, were selected by using the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index and were matched based on age and sex. They were evaluated in terms of growth indices (BMI, gender, weight, height, and head circumference) from childhood to the present, as well as salivary TGF-β levels. Finally, the data were analyzed by SPSS22. Results The DMFT index in the case group was 7.03 ± 3.32 and they had significantly lower BMI (p = 0.042), but no relationship was observed with height and weight. The mean level of TGF-β (Pg/mL) in the case group was significantly higher than the control group (p = 0.047). Conclusions The study results indicate that TGF B level is higher in children with dental caries. Children with dental caries weigh less than children of the same age; therefore, dental examination in preschool children is necessary, with the aim of preventing DMFT.
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Derakhshan et al. (2024) studied this question.
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