Approaching collaboration in primary care differently: Exploring boundaries and boundary objects

In recent primary care policy, collaboration is often understood as an outcome, such as the delivery of team-based care or an integrated health system. This outcome-based understanding of collaboration in policy has proven challenging to achieve in practice. This article introduces the concepts of constructing boundaries and boundary objects used in other disciplines, to support our understanding of collaboration by observing the collaborative process. Multiple methods, such as semi-structured interviews, discourse analysis, and member-checking, were used to compare primary care collaborations across three distinct time periods during the onset of COVID-19 within Interior British Columbia. Data analysis revealed the changing nature of boundaries and boundary objects, providing insights into the collaborative process. Through the exploration of boundaries and boundary objects, this article provides a way to approach collaboration in practice differently. By better understanding the process of collaboration, this research could potentially improve collaborative outcomes.