Association of body roundness index with diabetes and prediabetes in US Adults from NHANES 2007-2018: A Cross-sectional Study

Abstract Objective The objective in this research is to explore the potential correlation among body roundness index (BRI) as well as incidence of diabetes and prediabetes among adults in USA. Method A cross-sectional study was carried out between 2007 and 2018 on 11,980 adults aged ≥ 20 years by National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHANES). Analyzing related correlation among BRI as well as incidence of diabetes and prediabetes was primarily conducted by a logistic regression, including univariate analysis, multivariate regression analysis, smooth curve fitting analysis, and subgroup analysis. What’s more, we applied receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to analyze and further contrast the three predictive values for diabetes and prediabetes, including BRI, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC). Results Following covariate adjustments, each unit increase in BRI was related to a 17% higher risk in diabetes and prediabetes (OR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.07–1.27). Those with BRI in the high scores (Q4) possessed increased likelihood in having diabetes and prediabetes than individuals in bottom quartile (OR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.29–2.58). A nonlinear relationship between BRI and diabetes and prediabetes was uncovered through a smooth curve fitting analysis. The results across all population subgroups were uniform to those of the total population. Significantly, BRI demonstrated the highest AUC in predicting diabetes and prediabetes compared to both BMI and WC. Conclusions In this study, we revealed there was a positively and non-linearly relationship between BRI with the incident rates about diabetes and prediabetes in adult Americans. The BRI indices could function as predictive markers for diabetes and prediabetes.