Sodium Butyrate (NaB) and Sodium Propionate (NaP) Reduce Cyclin A2 Expression, Inducing Cell Cycle Arrest and Proliferation Inhibition of Different Breast Cancer Subtypes, Leading to Apoptosis

Sodium butyrate (NaB) and sodium propionate (NaP) have recently garnered attention for their role in regulating inflammation and controlling signaling pathways of cell growth and apoptosis, potentially preventing cancer development. However, their therapeutic effect and the underlying mechanisms involved remain elusive in breast cancer. This study aims at investigating the anticancer role of NaB and NaP in different types of breast cancer by assessing their antiproliferative effect on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells (through an MTT assay), as well as their ability to alter the cell cycle and cyclin expression (using flow cytometry and RT-qPCR, respectively), and to promote apoptosis (using Annexin V-FITC conjugated and sub-G1 phase techniques). MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation was inhibited by NaB and NaP in a dose- and time-dependent manner with respective IC