Sonographic Evaluation of Male Infertility in Patients Attending Outpatient Department at Tertiary Care Center – An Observational Cross Sectional Study

Background: Evaluation of male infertility with clinical examination is less sensitive and specic especially for assessment of internal reproductive tract, hence imaging forms an integral part of male infertility evaluation. The aim of this study is to evaluate male infertility using transscrotal and transrectal sonography ndings in infertile male patients and compare the ndings of varicocele grading and testicular atrophy. A total of 50 infertile male subjects were selected b Methodology: ased on their abnormal seminal analysis. All the participants were subjected to B-mode ultrasonography of testis and prostate to determine obstructive vs non obstructive cause of male infertility, along with history taking, physical examination and laboratory investigations including seminal analysis. In the current study we reported a total of 50 male patients 62 with age ranging from 25-45. In our study, 24 (68%) out Results: of 35 patients with testicular atrophy had varicocele showing signicant association with average P value of 0.002. 8 patients with post-testicular causes had dilated ductules in the epididymis, with a P value of <0.001. This study concluded that varicocele is associated with testi Conclusion: cular atrophy and higher the grades of varicocele more severe is the atrophy. Trans rectal and trans scrotal ultrasound play crucial roles in diagnosing and managing various urological conditions. Transrectal ultrasound is more focused on the prostate and surrounding structures, while Transscrotal ultrasound is primarily used for evaluating the scrotum and its contents. Together, these ultrasound techniques provide comprehensive diagnostic capabilities for male reproductive health.