Provisional Circulatory Support with Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation during Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation in Intermediate Risk Patients: A Case Series

Background: Cardiogenic shock with acute hemodynamic decompensation may be one of the most serious risks in patients affected by ventricular tachycardia (VT). Its proper identification may have important implications in terms of pharmacological management, as might procedural planning in case of patients undergoing catheter ablation. Methods: We describe a case series of patients with provisional strategies for circulatory support in VT ablation, including the use of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) and vascular accesses in the electrophysiology lab but no initial ECMO activation due to an estimated intermediate pre-procedural risk from the case-series population. Results: In total, 10 patients (mean age 70 ± 11 years old, 9 males) with severe cardiomyopathy were admitted for incessant ventricular arrhythmia episodes, further diagnosis, and therapy planning; 1/10 patients (10%), documenting a PAINESD score of 14, underwent VA-ECMO cannulation due to electromechanical dissociation. All 10 patients were discharged alive. Conclusions: A pre-defined strategy before VT ablation is crucial. In our case series, the use of provisional circulatory support with VA-ECMO during incessant ablation of ventricular arrhythmia was a safe and winning alternative to upfront strategies.