The Effect of Er:YAG Laser Therapy in Combination with Behaviour Management Technique on the Reduction of Anxiety in Paediatric Dental Patients

This study aimed to evaluate the anxiety in paediatric patients during caries treatment, with Er:YAG laser and conventional rotary instruments, in combination with child-management technique Latent inhibition. A group of 126 6–12-year-old children with one or more untreated dentine carious lesions (ICDAS code 05) on the occlusal surface of a primary molar was divided into four equal treatment subgroups. A standardized caries treatment was performed with Erbium:YAG laser or conventional rotary instruments. In the intervention groups, Latent inhibition was used as an anxiety-management technique. During the procedure, objective and subjective stress parameters were recorded. Statistically significant reduction in mean heart rate and self-anxiety scores was seen in the combination of Er:YAG laser caries removal and child-management technique (p < 0.05). The use of laser cavity preparation in combination with the child-management technique Latent inhibition is the most effective method during the dental treatment of children. Er:YAG laser alone showed an advantage over the conventional method and equivalent effect to the combined use of conventional rotary instruments and behaviour management technique.