Telomeres, Sirtuins and NAD+ ---- The Genetic Communication at the Ends

Telomeres, Sirtuins and NAD+ are all implicated in the aging process. Telomeres are repeating nucleoprotein sequence found at the ends of chromosomes. Sirtuins regulate telomere length by localizing to telomeres. A decrease in NAD+ level as aging progresses has been demonstrated by many clinical studies. An understanding of shortening of telomere leads to suppression in Sirtuin activity as well as decrease in NAD+ and vice versa, suggesting interlinking of their pathways. The positive effects of NAD+ on the aging phenotype are partially assumed to be attributed to Sirtuins. Data was collected by selecting 43 articles by searching through keywords; Telomeres, p53, Sirtuins, NAD+, aging, age-related diseases, genomic stability, Sirtuin activation, in search engines like google scholar and PubMed. The purpose of this review was to find out the functional linking among telomeres length Sirtuins and NAD+, which can help in future studies to improve the therapy options for possible age associated diseases.