Types of Defamation Speech Acts on YouTube: A Forensic Linguistics Study

Social media is a highly advanced technology today, but it has several negative influences. One of the most common influences in Indonesia is the speech act of defamation. This research aims to explain the types of defamatory speech acts that occur on YouTube. The research method is descriptive qualitative, utilizing a pragmatic and forensic linguistic approach. The data consist of words, phrases, and sentences that contain elements of defamation, sourced from podcast content on YouTube. The collected data are identified, classified, and analyzed to reveal the types of speech acts through the words, phrases, and sentences spoken. The research results indicate that locutionary speech acts include news locutions and question locutions. Illocutionary acts were found in the form of 16 assertive utterances, 4 directives, 3 expressives, and 1 commissive. The perlocutionary speech acts identified include making the interlocutor aware in 3 utterances and making the interlocutor think in 1 utterance. Based on the analysis of these types of speech acts, it was found that speech often implies accusations or even intentional attacks on someone's reputation on social media. This could violate Article 310 concerning defamation.