Detection of bridge damage through analysis of dynamic response to vehicular loads utilizing long-gauge sensors

Purpose This paper presents a novel method for identifying damage in reinforced concrete (RC) bridges, utilizing macro-strain data from distributed long-gauge sensors installed on the concrete surface. Design/methodology/approach The method relies on the principle that heavy vehicles induce larger dynamic vibrations, leading to increased strain and crack formation compared to lighter vehicles. By comparing the absolute macro-strain ratio (AMSR) of a reference sensor with a network of distributed sensors, damage locations can be effectively pinpointed from a single data collection session. Finite-element modeling was employed to validate the method's efficacy, demonstrating that the AMSR ratio increases significantly in the presence of cracks. Experimental validation was conducted on a real-world bridge in Japan, confirming the method's reliability under normal traffic conditions. Findings This approach offers a practical and efficient means of detecting bridge damage, potentially enhancing the safety and longevity of infrastructure systems. Originality/value Original research paper.