Comparison of Preemptive Intravenous Ketorolac vs Intravenous Paracetamol on Postoperative Analgesia in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Surgeries under General Anesthesia: A Prospective Randomized Comparative Study

gained precedence in recent years. 5,6The mode of action of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is by inhibiting IntroductIonPostoperative pain management is a significant responsibility of the anesthesiologist in ensuring optimal patient care and facilitating early recovery following surgeries.Inadequate postoperative pain control can result in complications such as atelectasis, hypoxemia, delayed early ambulation leading to increased risk of thromboembolism, and cardiovascular and gastrointestinal complications, thereby adding to patient morbidity. 1,2Laparoscopy, a minimally invasive procedure, is the most common surgery performed for various clinical conditions.It offers advantages such as early recovery due to smaller incisions, less postoperative pain, and early mobilization compared to open surgeries.However, the majority of patients experience moderate to severe pain, necessitating effective pain relief, which is a significant factor in postoperative recovery. 3Port site incisions cause pain after surgeries.The distension of the peritoneum by carbon dioxide insufflation may result in traumatic traction of nerves and tearing of blood vessels, leading to visceral pain in the early postoperative period.Retained gas can also cause abdominal and shoulder-tip pain in the postoperative period. 4he role of preemptive analgesia, along with intraoperative analgesia, in the management of postoperative pain has 1,