Water, energy, food and environment nexus (WEFEN): Sustainable transition, gaps and Covering approaches

It is anticipated that the global community will encounter crises pertaining to water, energy, food, and the environment in the foreseeable future. The objective of this paper is to analyze global research endeavors pertaining to the interconnections among water, energy, food, and the environment. This paper presents critiques on the water–energy–food-environment nexus (WEFEN).Furthermore, this study analyses current innovations on the WEFEN nexus concept, applications, and impacts during the period of 2015–2023. Additionally, it aims to address the challenges and imperatives of investigating this nexus within the context of the world. This review critically analyzes the existing body of research pertaining to the interplay between water, energy, food, and the environment. Additionally, it highlights the challenges encountered in studying this intricate relationship and underscores the imperative for further investigation in this domain. This study reveals that the main barriers to achieving global integration of WEFEN are sector-specific policies and a dearth of integrated management approaches. Also named as big problems were the lack of money for projects that integrate WEFEN, the lack of information sources, and the lack of laws that cover the development of the WEFEN nexus as a whole. The findings of this study encompass recommendations for enhancing the interplay between WEFEN. These measures encompass enhancing collaboration and coordination among various entities, including governmental ministries, councils, universities, associations, and businesses. Additionally, establishing a dedicated policy-making institution and reaching a consensus on a comprehensive plan are crucial steps. By employing effective management strategies and formulating appropriate policies, the research and discoveries presented in this review article possess the potential to address the anticipated challenges that lie ahead for the global community.