The effectiveness of technologies in the soy – spring wheat link in the arid conditions of the Volga region

The research was carried out in order to identify the optimal elements of technology in the soy – spring durum wheat link based on efficiency in the arid conditions of the Volga region. Seven technologies were tested in the six-field grain-to-crop rotation on ordinary chernozem in 2010-2023: two traditional, four with differentiated processing and direct sowing. The maximum yield of the crop rotation link was on intensive backgrounds of resource-saving and traditional technology – 1.79–1.90 thousand grain units/ ha, which ensured the receipt of the largest conditional net income of 27709.8–28325.3 rubles/ha or 1.2–1.5 times higher than the options without the application of mineral fertilizers. The maximum level of profitability was in the variant with resource-saving technologies and the application of mineral fertilizers - 143.2-148.3%, which is 1.4-26.6% more than in other plots. In contrast to economic efficiency, the greatest efficiency of energy consumption was after use of resource-saving technology using a biological product and a traditional technology (extensive background) – 2.77–2.81, which is 0.07–0.42 units more than control and other plots with resource-saving technology. Based on research in the soy – spring wheat link, technological operations are proposed using the AUP-18.05 unit for direct sowing of wheat, soy – seeder SZS -2.1: differentiated tillage (including loosening by 25-27 cm under soybeans; spring wheat – direct sowing), application of ammonium nitrate at a dose of N40 (before sowing spring wheat wheat), azofoska (NPK)15 in soybean cultivation, in the tillering phase of wheat, treatment of crops with Bionex Kemi, at the end of boot stage with the fungicide Soligor.