Differences in the structure of inflorescences of some winter and spring rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) F1 hybrids

The article presents the results of a study of the structure of the inflorescences of some F1 hybrids of winter and spring rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), grown at the Selection and Seed Center of Vegetable Crops. The main product obtained from rapeseed processing is oil. It is extracted from seeds that form in siliques. The fruits are formed from flowers collected in inflorescences, the structure of which can influence the yield. Studies of inflorescences were carried out according to the method of T.V. Kuznetsova and represent a structural analysis of the floral part of plants: counting fruits on the main shoot and on side shoots (paracladia) of all branching orders. The data were statistically processed in MS Excel to identify differences between genotypes, as well as between winter and spring forms in general. As a result of the analysis of 7 genotypes of winter rapeseed, it was revealed that the most significant contribution to the yield is made by paracladia of the 1st order of branching (on average 72% of the total number of siliques on the plant), the main shoots were carried by 16% of the siliques, paracladia of the 2nd order - 12%. An analysis of 9 spring hybrids showed that the largest and almost equal contribution is made by paracladia of the 1st and 2nd orders (39% each), and the main shoots and paracladia of the 3rd order each bear 11% of the siliques. Comparison of individual genotypes was carried out separately for winter and spring forms; as a result, differences in the structure of inflorescences were also found.