Background: Hemoglobinopathies, genetic disorders affecting haemoglobin, are prevalent globally, with a significant impact in India due to factors like consanguinity and regional endogamy.Sickle cell disease (SCD), the most common structural hemoglobinopathy globally, shows high prevalence in India, particularly in states like Odisha.Early diagnosis and management are crucial due to the severe clinical manifestations associated with these disorders.This study aimed to determine the prevalence of different sickle cell hemoglobinopathies in western Odisha and evaluate the diagnostic utility of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in identifying these variants.Methods: A hospital-based prospective study analyzed 496 sickle slide test-positive patients over two years.Patients underwent thorough clinical evaluation, including CBC, red cell indices, and HPLC analysis using the Variant II Hemoglobin Testing System.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS. Results:The study revealed a predominance of sickle cell variants among both paediatric (47.36%) and adult populations, with Bargarh district contributing significantly.Chromatogram analysis identified various hemoglobin variants, highlighting the diagnostic precision of HPLC.Clinical symptoms varied by genotype, with significant differences in haematological and biochemical parameters observed across different hemoglobinopathies.Conclusion: HPLC emerged as a reliable tool for diagnosing hemoglobin disorders, emphasizing its role in regional prevalence studies and guiding targeted management strategies.Further research is needed to explore clinical modifiers influencing disease severity and enhance therapeutic interventions.
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Khatua et al. (2024) studied this question.
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