Study of preliminary qualitative screening and evaluation of alkaloids and flavonoids compounds of some Orobanche species growing in Iraq

Among 27 Orobanche species growing in Iraq, only O. aegyptiaca and O. ramosa (recently Phelipanche aegyptiaca and P. ramosa) have been studied phytochemically. Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, terpenes, resins, steroids, saponins (present or absent) and tannins in the areal parts of all tested species. HPLC results indicated the presence of six alkaloid compounds (oxo sparteine, isosparteine, retamine,13-hydroxylupanine, lupanine and sparteine) and three phenolic compounds (isoverbascoside,caffeic acid and verbascoside) in all Orobanche s.l.taxa investigated . These parasitic taxa showed high amounts of the alkaloid Lupanine and the phenylpropanoid verbascoside. In this study, O.ramosa is the richest broomrape species in secondary metabolites.