Evaluation of antiproliferative activity of Naringin in Human epidermoid carcinoma cell line (A431)

Skin cancer occurs when skin cells undergo uncontrolled growth. One in three cancer patients worldwide is affected by skin cancer which has a significant impact. Chemotherapeutic medications work to kill cancer cells, but they can cause long-term morbidities that degrade one's quality of life and are only effective when cancer is in early stages. As a result, experts began to consider using traditional medication to treat the illness effectively and with fewer side effects. Naringin is a naturally occurring flavanone that is prominent and has a variety of pharmacological actions. It is particularly available in citrus fruits. Finding antiproliferative drugs that reduce skin cancer is an extremely important activity. Using Epidermoid carcinoma cells (A431), we evaluated the impact of naringin in exhibiting anticancer activities. The MTT evaluation of Naringin in A431 cells revealed the IC50 concentration 72μg/ml, it is similarly effective to the Imiquimod's IC50 value 52μg/ml. Additionally, flow cytometric analysis was performed to detect the molecular mechanism underlying the Naringin's antitumor actions. Naringin caused apoptosis as induced by early and late apoptotic cells as compared to the control, further decreased reactive oxygen species ROS and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential in A431 cells. The outcome demonstrates naringin's anticancer ability against a skin cancer cell line. The reported effects on ROS production, apoptosis and decreased viability of A431 cells may have cumulative or synergistic effects. In future, the in vivo and clinical studies in naringin may overlay a way to produce antitumor drug for the treatment of skin cancer.