Evaluation of the Diagnostic Readiness for Outbreaks of Priority Zoonoses in Cameroon. Challenges and Opportunities

The emergence and spread of zoonotic diseases pose significant threats to public health, animal health, and global health security. In Cameroon (a country situated at the Central and West Africa intersection and known for its rich biodiversity and close interactions between humans and animals), priority zoonoses represent a major public health concern. This paper examines the diagnostic landscape for priority zoonoses in Cameroon, focusing on the challenges and opportunities for disease detection and control. This study assessed the current state of diagnostic capacity for key zoonotic diseases in the country through a comprehensive review of existing literature, national surveillance data, and expert interviews. The analysis highlights several challenges, including limited laboratory infrastructure, inadequate funding, gaps in surveillance systems, and a lack of trained personnel. However, the study also identified promising opportunities for strengthening the diagnostic landscape such as enhanced collaboration between human and animal health sectors, improved access to diagnostic tools, and increased investment in capacity building. By addressing these challenges and capitalizing on the available opportunities, Cameroon can better prepare for and respond to priority zoonotic disease outbreaks, ultimately safeguarding the health of both humans and animals in the country.