Money laundering in Mongolia: Judicial practice and some issues for improving the system

Introduction. The relevance of the subject is determined by the fact that Mongolia undertook to comply with international legal norms on combating money laundering. In particular, it ratified the United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances of 1988, the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organised Crime of 2000, the United Nations Convention against Corruption of 2003 and the Convention on the Prohibition of the Financing of Terrorism of 1999. Mongolia became a member of the Asia-Pacific Anti-Money-Laundering Organisation in July 2004, and within the framework of the agreements and conventions, Mongolia is expected to assume responsibility for combating money-laundering to the international community. The situation of money laundering offences committed throughout the country has declined and there is a need to strengthen the fight against this type of crime, which is indicated by the crime situation. The purpose of this research is to examine the situation of money laundering offences in Mongolia, to find out the peculiarities of investigation and trial of this type of crime, to identify the trends and issues to be considered, the possibilities of creating conditions for improving the results of combating money laundering. The methods of this research are comparison and statistical measurements. General scientific, special and private-scientific methods were also used. The generalisation of judicial practice in cases of legalisation of income has been carried out using analysis, synthesis, induction and deduction. The comparison of legal regulation on different types of predicate offence has been carried out. The principle of historicism made it possible to evaluate the dynamics of formation of the Criminal Law of Mongolia in different periods. Results. According to the results of the research the necessity of making changes in the Criminal Code, in particular, on the issues related to the predicate offence, as well as in the law on combating money laundering and terrorism financing, developing the basis for effective systemic and non-systemic cooperation in the field of financial monitoring services, including with foreign organisations (e.g. «Egmont»).