Analytic studying of Chinese toponyms with the purpose of improving the linguistic and geographical competence of students who learn the Chinese language

The article highlights the need to interpret the names of geographical objects among Chinese toponyms or their better understanding and memorization. When learning geographical names, students and all those people who study standard Chinese language (Putonghua) are faces with the problem of diversity of their names and with the unique hieroglyphic system of their transmission at the same time. Chinese toponymy, being one of the large sections of onomastics, has its own specified features due to the usage of certain toponymis constituents (topoformants) that allow to get oriented in space. A detailed description with the interpretation of semantic components in the educational process helps to understand the location of a certain geographical object. Usage of geographical markers guides according the cardinal directions with correlation to certain administrative units. In order to expand linguistic and geographical competences among toponyms in the modern Chinese language, the article examines and analyzes in detail the names of provinces and some cities, which are easy to navigate in geographical space by their names. The majority of such names have some own features that are specific to the Chinese language, where each individual syllable with its etymological meaning carries a semantic load on the perception of the environment.