General and special properties of lexical units denoting inner-city driveways in Chinese

The subject of the study is the properties of lexical units related to the names of city passages in Chinese, expressing relations in Russian, Chinese. The purpose of the work is to identify the general structure of common Chinese streets and other inner-city objects, as well as to analyze their meaning. The following methods were used in this article: descriptive, comparative, modeling method and component analysis method. Lexical units that name linear objects of the urban road network and make up a part of the vocabulary that is noticeable to speakers are one of the key components of urban architecture and at the same time part of the communicative culture, which, in turn, reflects the regional culture and national flavor of the area. Starting from the composition of street names, primarily from the point of view of the theory of the semantic field, lexico-semantic groups and their meanings were analyzed in this article. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that for the first time the general and special aspects of the analyzed names of driveways are considered in comparison. The results of the research can be used in the process of teaching lecture courses; when reading special courses on cognitive linguistics, linguoculturology, intercultural communication. It is concluded that toponyms help to preserve and transmit the historical and cultural heritage of a certain territory. In Chinese culture, especially when naming streets, proper names consisting of several hieroglyphs are often used. In Chinese writing, one hieroglyph can represent a word or an idea, so several hieroglyphs are needed for the full proper name or local toponym. Monosyllabic names consisting of two hieroglyphs are most common in street names. In some cases, names consisting of four hieroglyphs can also be used to convey even more information or uniqueness, each of which may have its own unique history and meaning.