The Predictors of COVID-19 Immunogenicity Elicited by Vaccines Against SARS-CoV-2 in Stem Cell Transplant Recipients

Introduction: The literature falls short in providing thorough investigations into the influence of COVID-19 vaccination among those undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Materials and Methods:This prospective study evaluates COVID-19 antibody levels in HSCT recipients.The HSCT patients, having undergone transplantation at least three months prior, received BNT162b2 mRNA, Gam-COVID-Vac adenoviral, or BBIBP-CorV inactivated vaccines.Blood samples were taken 2-24 weeks post second dose. Results:The study involved 28 participants, comprising nine allogeneic-HSCT and 19 autologous-HSCT recipients.Among them, 18 (64.2%)exhibited positive results in SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody tests, occurring at a median of 10.5 weeks (ranging from 2 to 24 weeks).In multivariate logistic regression analysis, age and a higher Charlson Comorbidity Index emerged as statistically significant variables linked with suboptimal antibody responses.Interestingly, no significant disparities surfaced in terms of anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike, SARS-CoV-2 (IgG + neutralizing) antibodies, and SARS-CoV-2 (neutralizing) antibodies titers across various vaccine types and transplantation modes.However, the anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid titers demonstrated a significant increase in patients