The Ports of the Eastern Red Sea Before Islam: A Historical and Cultural Study

This study focuses on tracing the history of the ports in the eastern Red Sea since ancient times. It documents the history of the most important of these ports and the challenges in determining their locations. It also traces their impact on the Arabs’ dominance over the Red Sea during certain historical periods, and their role in civilizational contact with the northeastern region of the African continent. The study also shows the evolution of Arab maritime capabilities, from the use of leather ships to purchasing ready-made ships, until they reached the point of manufacturing their own ships. It highlights some aspects of civilizational and cultural communication between the western region of the Arabian Peninsula and the northeastern region of Africa.