Changes in the Spectrum of Fatty Acid Composition in White Fish (Coregonidae) From of Natural Water Bodies and Aquaculture With Peroxide Lipid Oxidation

A comparison was made of the fatty acid composition of whitefish lipids from water bodies of varying degrees of pollution and those grown on artificial feed in aquaculture. The increase in oil pollution led to an increase in lipid oxidation products and the depletion of antioxidants in the body of fish, which caused a structural rearrangement of fatty acids in a negative direction. In aquaculture, similar changes occurred in fish that consumed food with an extended shelf life. The introduction of vitamin C and a sorbent with antioxidant properties into the composition of diets improved the antioxidant system and the composition of fatty acids. The greatest changes during oxidation occurred in polyunsaturated fatty acids. In fish from a clean reservoir, their content was significantly higher (55,8%) than in fish fed fresh food (36,0–38%) and diets with the addition of antioxidants (40,0–43,4%). In polluted waters, their number decreased to 37,9 and 33,4%, and on expired feed to 24,4 – 32,6%, and in individuals that did not receive antioxidants, to 28,8–42,7%. Changes occurred mainly due to decosahexaenoic acid. A feature of the fatty acid composition of wild fish is the high content of arachidonic acid – 7,9% from a clean reservoir and 5,1 and 2,5% from polluted areas. In cultivated fish, its content did not exceed one.