Real-World Treatment Patterns, Clinical Outcomes, Healthcare Resource Utilization, and Costs in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Ontario, Canada

The therapeutic landscape for aHCC has evolved in recent years, necessitating a comprehensive analysis of treatment patterns, clinical outcomes, HCRU, and costs to contextualize emerging treatments. This study aimed to investigate these outcomes using real-world data from Ontario, Canada. This retrospective cohort study was conducted using linked administrative databases from April 2010 to March 2020. Patients diagnosed with aHCC were included, and their clinical and demographic characteristics were analyzed, as well as treatment patterns, survival, HCRU, and economic burden. Among 7322 identified patients, 802 aHCC patients met the eligibility criteria for inclusion in the study. Treatment subgroups included 1L systemic therapy (53. 2%), other systemic treatments (4. 5%), LRT (9. 0%), and no treatment (33. 3%). The median age was 66 years, and the majority were male (82%). The mOS for the entire cohort from diagnosis was 6. 5 months. However, patients who received 1L systemic therapy had an mOS of 9. 0 months, which was significantly higher than the other three subgroups. The mean cost per aHCC-treated patient was 49, 640 CAD, with oral medications and inpatient hospitalizations as the largest cost drivers. The results underscore the need for the continuous evaluation and optimization of HCC management strategies in the era of evolving therapeutic options.