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Uttarakhand hills are blessed with mesmerizing beauty but low crop productivity because of which the farmers are diverting from agriculture. A research investigation was conducted in Dantola village, Almora District, Uttarakhand, India, to understand the dynamics and performance of hill agro-ecosystems by estimating biomass, productivity and monetary efficiency of the existing cropping systems. Total five systems were selected which consist of six monocrops, three mixed crops, two agri-silviculture systems, one agri-horticulture system and silvi-hortipasture system. System-wise, higher biomass was observed in agri-silviculture system with an average value of 134.3 tonnes/ha. Farmyard manure was found to be the major source of nutrients supply to the crops. The monetary efficiency of various cropping systems revealed that the total returns were highest in the agri-horticulture system (USD 8805.76/ha) followed by horsegram+sorghum (USD 1620.49/ha) and urdbean (USD 1448.65/ha). When the net benefit from various cropping systems was analysed, maximum net returns were observed in agri-horticulture (USD 5867.57 lakh/ha), followed by horsegram+sorghum (mixed cropping) and urdbean. Overall, agri-silviculture systems provided higher biomass while legumes, agri-horticulture system and silvi-hortipasture systems were found to be the most efficient in terms of production and monetary efficiency and therefore can be recommended to the farming communities.
Pandey et al. (Mon,) studied this question.
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