Views and experience of non-hospitalised individuals with Long COVID of using pacing interventions: a mixed methods study

Abstract Background Long COVID is highly prevalent and debilitating, with key symptoms including fatigue, breathlessness, and brain fog. Pacing is an approach to energy conservation used to help people with chronic conditions like ME/CFS manage the impact of their condition, and could be a useful strategy for people with Long COVID. The aim of this study was to explore the views and experiences of non-hospitalised adults with Long COVID of pacing as an intervention. Methods This mixed methods study is part of the Therapies for Long COVID (TLC) Feasibility trial. A feasibility questionnaire was developed for participants. In addition, a sub-sample of participants were interviewed at the end of the study. Results 28 participants completed the feasibility questionnaire and 19 participants took part in a qualitative interview. Participants found that pacing helped improve motivation and activity planning. Concerns included challenges due to time constraints, complexity of the intervention, and limited instructions. Conclusion Pacing for Long COVID may offer potential benefits and is feasible but further research is required to demonstrate its benefits. Overall, research on pacing in the context of Long COVID has the potential to enhance our understanding of symptom management and rehabilitation strategies for this emerging population.