Construction and Application of Patient-Participated Health Care Guidance Plan for Patients with Decompensated Hepatitis B Cirrhosis

Objective: The goal of this study was to develop and assess the effectiveness of a patient-engaged healthcare guidance plan for individuals with decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis. Methods: This study employed literature review, situational analysis, and expert consultations to create a healthcare guidance plan that includes patient participation for those suffering from decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis. Between January 2022 and January 2023, 86 patients with this condition admitted to our hospital were selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned into two groups using a random number table. The control group (n=43) received standard care, while the intervention group (n=43) received the novel patient-engaged healthcare guidance in addition to standard care. We compared both groups in terms of anxiety and depression levels, self-care capability, uncertainty about their illness, and overall quality of life. Results: Upon discharge, scores for the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), and Mishel's Uncertainty in Illness Scale (MUIS) decreased in both groups compared to their scores at admission (P< 0.05), with the intervention group showing more significant improvements than the control group (P< 0.05). Additionally, scores for the Self-Care Ability Scale (ESCA) and the component threshold scores of the Health Survey Short Form (SF-36) increased for both groups from admission to discharge (P< 0.05), with the intervention group showing greater improvements than the control group (P< 0.05). Conclusion: The patient-engaged healthcare guidance plan developed for individuals with decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis proved to be highly effective. It significantly reduced patient anxiety and depression, enhanced self-care capabilities, diminished illness uncertainty, and improved overall quality of life.