Investigating Zinc , Iron and 25-hydroxyvitamin D Levels alongside Hemoglobin status in Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) Patients

Electrolyte abnormalities play a pivotal role in the context of cardiovascular emergencies, posing significant risks that contribute to morbidity and mortality worldwide. This research delves into the critical associations between electrolyte imbalances, Vitamin D, Hemoglobin Derivatives and their correlation with the heightened risk of sudden cardiac death. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D levels on electrolyte concentrations (Zinc, and Iron) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), alongside examining the structural changes in the hemoglobin molecule (met-Hb, S-Hb, CO-Hb, and CO2-Hb) in these patients. This study was case-control, the population included 150 participants (60 ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) cases, 60 non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) cases and 30 controls groups). Blood samples of the groups were taken on admission of patients and analyzed for electrolytes ,25-hydroxy vitamins-D levels and hemoglobin derivatives. Our study reveals significant electrolyte and vitamin D deficiencies in STEMI patients, with less impact on NSTEMI patients. Additionally, STEMI patients showed the most profound changes in hemoglobin structure, indicating a severe alteration in blood chemistry following acute myocardial infarction. Monitoring electrolytes and Vitamin D is crucial for managing acute myocardial infarction (AMI), impacting hemoglobin properties and cardiac function. Future research should explore the effects of additional vitamins and elements on AMI.