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May 23, 2026CureusOpen Access

Association of Serum Vitamin D Levels and Ventricular Dysfunction Among Patients With Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction in a Tertiary Care Hospital

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Key result

Vitamin D deficiency linked to ~6-fold greater risk of early LV systolic dysfunction in acute STEMI.

  • aOR 6.20
  • 95% CI 2.35-16.36
  • P<0.001
  • n=150

Why the study?

Evidence linking serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels with early ventricular dysfunction in acute STEMI remains limited.

Is serum vitamin D deficiency associated with early left ventricular systolic dysfunction in adults with acute STEMI?

Population

150 consecutive adults with acute STEMI

Comparison

Vitamin D deficient (<20 ng/mL) vs insufficient (20-29 ng/mL) vs normal (≥30 ng/mL)

Design

Hospital-based analytical cross-sectional study

Authors

KAKartikeya AroraSubharti Medical CollegeSASheryl Elsa AbrahamLancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustRCRahul ChopraTokyo Medical Center

Discussion

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Implication

Vitamin D deficiency was associated with early LV systolic dysfunction in acute STEMI; leaves open whether supplementation improves outcomes.

Key Points

  • This study aims to evaluate the link between serum vitamin D levels and left ventricular systolic dysfunction in patients with acute STEMI.
  • Analytical cross-sectional design involving 150 adults with acute STEMI.
  • Serum 25(OH)D was measured within 24 hours, with echocardiography performed within 48-72 hours.
  • Multivariable logistic regression analyzed factors associated with LV systolic dysfunction.
  • Vitamin D deficiency was found in 20% of patients, with significant differences in LVEF across vitamin D status (normal 54.0%, insufficient 51.6%, deficient 44.8%; p<0.001).
  • LV systolic dysfunction occurred in 100% of deficient, 34.3% of insufficient, and 24.0% of normal vitamin D patients (p<0.001).
  • Vitamin D deficiency independently associated with LV dysfunction (adjusted OR 6.20; 95% CI 2.35-16.36; p<0.001).

Study Design

Type

Cross-Sectional (n=150)

Multicenter

No

Structured PICO

Is serum vitamin D deficiency associated with early left ventricular systolic dysfunction in adults with acute STEMI?

P
Population
150 consecutive adults with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) admitted to a tertiary care hospital.
I
Intervention
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) deficiency (<20 ng/mL) or insufficiency (20-29 ng/mL) measured within 24 hours of admission
C
Comparator
Normal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels (≥30 ng/mL)
O
Outcome
Left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction (defined as LVEF <50%) assessed by transthoracic echocardiography within 48-72 hourssurrogate

Main Result

Effect estimate: aOR 6.20 (95% CI 2.35-16.36)

Absolute Event Rate: 100% vs 24%

p-value: p=<0.001

Vitamin D deficiency is strongly and independently associated with early left ventricular systolic dysfunction and higher inflammatory burden in patients presenting with acute STEMI.

Limitations

  • Cross-sectional design precludes inference of causality or temporality
  • Complete separation in the deficient subgroup (all had LV dysfunction) may lead to unstable or inflated regression estimates
  • Residual confounding related to infarct severity may persist despite adjustment for major clinical variables
  • Single-center tertiary care study limits generalizability to other settings and populations
  • Potential selection/survivorship bias as very severe presentations may be under-represented
  • Key determinants of vitamin D status such as seasonality, sunlight exposure, and dietary intake were not measured
  • Multiple comparisons were performed without formal multiplicity correction

Cite This Study

Arora et al. (2026) conducted a cross-sectional in Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) (n=150). Vitamin D deficiency vs. Normal Vitamin D (≥30 ng/mL) was evaluated on Left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction (LVEF <50%) (aOR 6.20, 95% CI 2.35-16.36, p=<0.001). Vitamin D deficiency was independently associated with a significantly higher risk of early left ventricular systolic dysfunction (aOR 6.20) compared to normal vitamin D levels in patients with acute STEMI.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a11447c48a409a3a49deb2dhttps://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.109330

Topics

EchocardiographySTEMI management
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Vitamin D Deficiency2007 · 13,762 citations
  2. 2Vitamin D and Cardiovascular Diseases: From Physiology to Pathophysiology and Outcomes2024 · 37 citations
  3. 3The association of serum vitamin D concentration and ventricular dysfunction among patients with acute coronary syndrome2017 · 6 citations
  4. 4Vitamin-D Levels of Patients with ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction and Association with In-hospital Prognosis: An Exploratory Observational Study in Southern India2023 · 1 citations
  5. 5Vitamin D: Beyond Traditional Roles—Insights into Its Biochemical Pathways and Physiological Impacts2025 · 32 citations