Features of the COVID-19 epidemic process in the Moscow Region

The article presents the features of the COVID-19 epidemic process in the Moscow Region (MO) for the period from March 2020 to December 2023. It has been established that the dynamics of the incidence of a new coronavirus infection is characterized by periods of growth and decline in morbidity of varying intensity and duration, which coincides with the appearance and circulation of new variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus among the population. Similar periodic ups and downs have been revealed in the dynamics of mortality. It was noted that the lowest mortality rate was observed in March 2023 (0,02 %) and the highest in February 2021 (4,26 %), which was also associated with the circulation of various variants of the coronavirus. There have been increases in morbidity both in the cold season and in the summer months, which does not fully correspond to a seasonal disease with airborne transmission. It was revealed that the highest incidence was observed among the adult working population. At the same time, the incidence of children has increased since 2022, especially under the age of 1 year. Vaccination coverage of the M. O. population at the end of 2022, it amounted to 56,9 %, and collective immunity tended to decrease from 46,04 % in December 2021 to 6,07 % in December 2022. The correlation coefficient between the morbidity of the population and those vaccinated against COVID-19 in the Ministry of Defense was 0,38 %, between mortality and those vaccinated was minus 0,08, which indicates a weak effect of vaccination on morbidity and mortality.