The US Environmental Protection Agency has finished a draft of risk evaluations for two phthalates—diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP) and diisononyl phthalate (DINP)—and found that one of them is safe for most uses. The EPA concluded that with one industrial exception, no uses of DIDP pose an unreasonable risk to people's health. The agency also found that while both compounds can cause liver damage, DINP is more potent. High concentrations of DINP can also cause cancer, but there was no such risk with DIDP. However, these results are preliminary and the EPA welcomes peer review. In addition, the agency made physical, chemical, fate, and hazard assessments for DINP. In 2017, the US Consumer Product Safety Commission banned its use in toys, teething rings, pacifiers, and other items for children . In 2023, the EPA added DINP to the list of toxic chemicals that need to be reported under the Emergency Planning and
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Leigh Krietsch Boerner (2024) studied this question.
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