This is the authors' abstract. We don't add key points for this paper.
Third-degree atrioventricular (AV) blocks are rare but cause significant symptoms and require immediate intervention. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is felt to be the most common etiology. Although smoking is a prominent risk factor for CAD, there is a paucity of data assessing the direct effect of smoking on third-degree AV block.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Baig et al. (2024) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 10 related papers. Consider them for comparative context: