Preparation, Surface Modification, and Building Materials Applications of Calcium Carbonate Nanoparticles

This paper aims to systematically evaluate the fabrication process, surface modification process, and application in the field of construction materials, providing guidance and direction for expanding the application of CCNPs in related industries. First, the preparation procedure of CCNPs is carefully summarized, and the process properties of precipitation, emulsion, polymer mediated, membrane filtration, biological methods, etc., are delineated in detail. Secondly, the mechanism and impact of surface modifiers are discussed, and dry modification and wet modification are contrasted. Emphasis is placed on examining the modification effects of various modifiers such as surfactants, unsaturated organic acids, coupling agents, organic oligomers, water soluble polymers, etc. The results show that suitable modifiers can increase the interfacial bonding force between CCNPs and polymers, hinder stress concentration and fracture of polymers, thereby enhancing the mechanical properties of polymers. Finally, the current application status of CCNPs in the field of construction materials is expounded, especially the advances made by CCNPs in asphalt mixture modification, cement substitution and reinforcement, steel structure protective coatings, flame retardants, etc., are encapsulated. The superior filling and wetting properties of nanoparticles strengthen the compressive strength and corrosion resistance of construction materials, while the economical cost of CCNPs propels its application in construction materials.