In Indonesia, the prevalence of inappropriate childcare remains relatively high. Data from the Indonesian Early Childhood Report, in 2021, 4 out of 10 early childhood children experience inadequate childcare. Meanwhile, from 0–3 years old, the brain grows rapidly to form strong connection, thus decent childcare is important during this period. Responsive parenting and early learning
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Firnady et al. (2024) studied this question.
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